Dittmar Boeckler (Heidelberg, Germany) tells CX Live that treating patients with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) outside the instructions for use (IFU) has a dramatic effect on patient outcomes after the procedure. “We observed a significant increase in mortality […] an increased reintervention rate and four times higher endoleak rate,” he said, noting that he would recommend young residents stay within the IFU, at least in elective cases to optimise results and long-term outcomes.